OTOSCLEROSIS

(Otospongiosis)

 Basic information

description

Slow formation of Otosclerosis is an abnormal growth of sponge-like bone in the middle ear. The growth prevents one of the small bones in the middle ear from transmitting sound waves. This can lead to hearing loss. Otosclerosis usually affects both ears. It occurs in all ages and both sexes. Middle-aged white women are most often affected.

FREQUENT SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

• Slow, continuing hearing loss.
• Ringing or other types of noises in the ears (tinnitus).
• Dizziness or imbalance if the vestibular portion of the ear is affected.

causes

Appears to be an inherited disease. Sixty percent of those affected have a positive family history of the disorder. In other cases, the cause is unknown. A viral infection may be a factor.

risk increases with

• Family history of hearing loss.
• Genetics. Otosclerosis affects to some degree about 10% of all white persons.
• Pregnancy, which may trigger the onset.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta (a bone disease of the ear).

PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Cannot be prevented at present. Obtain genetic counseling before starting a family if you or your spouse has otosclerosis.

expected outcomes

Surgical treatment can help restore or improve hearing in most patients. In patients not needing or unable to have surgery, hearing aids can be of benefit.

possible complications

• Without surgery, some hearing loss may progress for years. Total deafness is a rare complication.
• Hearing loss can cause problems with work, social events, and family relationships. Emotional distress may occur.
• Complications may result from surgery, such as infection or pain.

 diagnosis & treatment

general measures

• Your health care provider will do a physical exam of the ears and ask questions about your symptoms and family history of hearing problems. Diagnosis is based on hearing tests such as an audiogram and Rinne test (study of bone conduction). A CT (an imaging study) of the head may be done to rule out other disorders.
• Treatment will depend on the degree of hearing loss. It may involve surgery and/or hearing aids, and sometimes fluoride supplements.
• If the hearing loss is minor, no treatment is usually needed. Hearing tests will be given periodically to see if hearing loss is progressing.
• Treatment may involve surgery (stapedectomy) to remove a part or all of the stapes (a bone in the middle ear) and replace it with a prosthesis (artificial substitute). The hearing is improved in almost all cases.
• Hearing aids will benefit many patients. Different types are available. A hearing specialist can help you choose what will work best for your individual needs.
• To learn more: National Institute on Deafness & Other Communication Disorders, 1 Communication Ave., Bethesda, MD 20892; (800) 241-1044; website: www.nidcd.nih.gov.

medications

• Antibiotics may be prescribed after surgery.
• Sodium fluoride may be prescribed to prevent further hearing loss by hardening the spongy bone. It won't, however, improve hearing.

activity

After surgery, resume your normal activities gradually.

diet

No special diet.

 notify our office if

• You or a family member has symptoms of otosclerosis.
• Sudden hearing loss or dizziness occurs.
• New symptoms occur after surgery.

Special Notes: