LICHEN PLANUS

 Basic information

description

Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory skin condition. It is not cancerous or contagious. It may involve the skin of the legs, trunk, arms, wrists, scalp, or penis. Less often, the lining of the mouth or vagina, toenails, and fingernails (around or under the nailbed) may also be involved. LP affects all ages, but is most common in adults 30 to 60.

FREQUENT SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

• Small, slightly raised bumps that itch. The bumps are pinkish, purplish, or reddish-purple. They increase gradually and become more widespread.
• Irregular white lines (spider web-like) may be seen on the skin or in the mouth.
• Bumps in the mouth may be tender or cause burning sensation. They may make it hard to eat.
• May have hair loss in patches on the head if scalp is affected.
• Affected nails may become thin and damaged with grooves along the nail.
• Pain with intercourse may occur if vagina is affected.

causes

Unknown. It may be an allergic or immune reaction. Few risk factors are known.

risk increases with

• Liver disease (e.g., hepatitis C or cirrhosis).
• Certain drugs, dyes, or chemicals can cause a lichenoid drug eruption.
• Very rarely, dental materials may cause a lichen planus-like allergic reaction.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Cannot be prevented at present.

expected outcomes

There is no specific cure. It often clears up in 6 to 18 months. Symptoms may come and go. Treatment can help relieve symptoms. Once the bumps are gone, a brown area may remain on the skin. It will fade in time. In some cases, the condition may last for up to 5 years (such as when mouth or genitals are affected).

possible complications

• Skin infection due to excessive scratching.
• Lichen planus may recur.
• Rarely, hair loss or nail loss may be permanent.
• Lichen planus in the mouth may increase risk for fungal infection and slightly increase the risk of oral cancer. Your health care provider will follow-up on a regular basis to watch for any problems.

 diagnosis & treatment

general measures

• Your health care provider can usually diagnose the condition with an exam of the affected area. A biopsy may be done to confirm the diagnosis. A biopsy involves the removal of a small amount of skin tissue to be viewed under a microscope.
• Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and location on the body. No treatment may be needed in mild cases. Treatment helps relieve itching and inflammation and may include drug therapy, phototherapy, and self-care measures.
• Phototherapy called PUVA may be prescribed. It uses ultraviolet light combined with drugs.
• Use cool-water soaks to relieve itching.
• Reducing stress in your life may help with the symptoms. Learn ways to help yourself relax.
• To learn more: American Academy of Dermatology, PO Box 4014, Schaumburg, IL 60168; (888) 462-3376; website: www.aad.org.

medications

• You may use nonprescription antihistamines taken by mouth to help control itching.
• Nonprescription cortisone creams or ointments can help to reduce inflammation and itching. Follow directions on the label.
• Use medicated mouthwash for mouth discomfort.
• Topical, oral, or injected drugs may be prescribed for more severe symptoms.
• A lichenoid drug eruption clears up slowly once the responsible drug is stopped or changed.

activity

No limits.

diet

No special diet.

 notify our office if

• You or a family member has symptoms of lichen planus.
• New, unexplained symptoms develop.

Special Notes: