ANORECTAL ABSCESS

(Perianal Abscess)

 Basic information

description

An anorectal abscess is a collection of pus (due to infection) that develops in the anus and rectum. An abscess may occur on the edge of the anal opening or deep in the rectum. They are more common in men.

FREQUENT SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

• Swelling around the rectum.
• Redness around the rectum.
• Dull or throbbing pain around the rectum.
• Difficulty or pain with bowel movement.
• Unable to sit comfortably.
• Fever and chills.
• Bleeding or discharge if abscess ruptures.

causes

Bacterial infection. It may occur in the glands inside the rectum that produce mucus. Bacteria in the stool can also infect a scratch or cut in the skin or in the rectum.

risk increases with

• Diabetes.
• Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or diverticulitis.
• Engaging in anal sex.
• Weak immune system due to illness or drugs.
• Blood cell cancers such as leukemia or lymphoma.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES

No specific preventive measures.

expected outcomes

With treatment, complete healing in 6 weeks to several months (if no complications).

possible complications

• An extra opening (fistula) may develop between the anus and the outside of the body.
• Abscess may recur.
• Urinary retention.

 diagnosis & treatment

general measures

• Your health care provider can diagnose the abscess with a physical exam of the affected area. Medical tests are usually not needed, but may include an x-ray or internal exam of the rectum with a special instrument.
• Treatment most often involves outpatient surgery to open and drain the abscess. For an abscess deeper in the rectum, the patient may need hospital care.
• Follow your health care provider's instructions for changing bandages and other care after surgery. Keep that area of the body clean.
• A sitz bath may provide comfort after surgery. Sit in a bathtub (or a plastic sitz bath) of warm water (not hot) for 10 to 15 minutes several times a day.
• Use warm compress as needed for pain.
• Have a bowel movement when you need to, even though you may anticipate pain.

medications

Drugs may be prescribed for pain, infection, and to help prevent constipation.

activity

Move legs often as you recover from surgery. Return to normal activities as soon as possible after surgery.

diet

An increase in fiber in the diet may help lower the risk of constipation. Drink plenty of fluids.

 notify our office if

• You or a family member has symptoms of anorectal abscess.
• New or unexplained symptoms develop after surgery.

Special Notes: